Social 

• Youth audience - marketing (hype) & Exhibitions (shopping centres) VFX - simple narrative (production) 
• Audience leisure patterns - recession - little disposable income 

Technological 

• Multiplexes guarantees a larger audience -> more screens and times available = an audience more variable 
• Piracy and home video 
• Flea pit - one screen, independently run, no blockbusters shown here = audiences did not want these - distribution - productions companies owned multiplexes therefore they sold their films only in multiplexes. Film distributors control who and where shows their films to gain a profit. This results in a decline in flea pit cinemas so that multiplexes rise and gain the profit. The flea pits were the competition. 

Economic 

• Recession -> decline in cinema attendance  
• VHS 
• Rise of the blockbuster and event movies 
• Piracy